Diseases & Vaccines MCQs with Answers
Solved Diseases & Vaccines MCQs with answers — bacterial, viral, fungal pathogens, transmission, vitamin deficiencies & major vaccines. Free quiz + PDF for PPSC, FPSC, NTS, CSS, PMS & MDCAT.
Diseases & Vaccines — Master Reference for Pakistani Competitive Exams
The cluster of Diseases & Vaccines is one of the most repeated Everyday Science topics in Pakistan’s PPSC, FPSC, NTS, CSS, PMS, OTS, CTS, BPSC, KPPSC, SPSC and MDCAT exams. Almost every Junior Clerk, Tehsildar, Assistant, Sub-Inspector, Lecturer and BPS-14 to BPS-17 paper carries 3–5 MCQs from this chapter — and it is core CSS Screening MPT (General Science & Ability) content. This page consolidates 54 solved MCQs covering bacterial diseases (TB, cholera, plague, tetanus, diphtheria, anthrax, syphilis, leprosy, whooping cough, typhus), viral diseases (AIDS, dengue, yellow fever, rabies, polio, hepatitis A/B, smallpox, chickenpox, measles, mumps, German measles, COVID-19), fungal infections (athlete’s foot, ringworm, onychomycosis), the most-asked vitamin deficiency diseases (scurvy, beriberi, rickets, pellagra) and all major vaccines (BCG, MMR, DTaP, Tdap, OPV, IPV, Hib, Varicella, Hepatitis B, COVID-19 platforms). For wider context, see Wikipedia: Vaccine and the official WHO: Vaccines & Immunization.
Bacterial & Viral Diseases — Quick Reference
| Disease | Pathogen | Transmission |
|---|---|---|
| Tuberculosis | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Airborne (lungs) |
| Cholera | Vibrio cholerae | Water-borne |
| Plague | Yersinia pestis | Infected fleas |
| Tetanus | Clostridium tetani | Wounds (soil) |
| Diphtheria | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Droplet |
| Anthrax | Bacillus anthracis | Infected animals |
| Whooping cough | Bordetella pertussis | Airborne |
| AIDS | HIV virus | Sexual / blood / fluids |
| Dengue | Dengue virus (RNA) | Aedes aegypti mosquito |
| Yellow fever | Yellow fever virus | Aedes aegypti mosquito |
| Polio | Poliovirus (RNA) | Food, water, contact |
| Rabies | Lyssavirus | Animal bite |
| Hepatitis A | HAV (RNA) | Faecal-oral (food/water) |
| Hepatitis B | HBV (DNA) | Blood / body fluids |
| COVID-19 | SARS-CoV-2 | Respiratory droplets |
Famous “Anchor Facts” — Most Tested in Exams
- TB = Mycobacterium tuberculosis (lungs, airborne).
- Cholera = Vibrio cholerae (intestine, water-borne).
- Plague = Yersinia pestis, transmitted by infected fleas.
- Tetanus = Clostridium tetani (lockjaw, soil-borne wounds).
- Anthrax = Bacillus anthracis (skin + lungs).
- AIDS = HIV; attacks CD4 T-lymphocytes.
- Dengue & Yellow Fever — both spread by Aedes aegypti.
- Rabies affects brain & spinal cord; almost always fatal once symptomatic.
- Polio virus affects intestine, brain & spinal cord (CNS paralysis).
- Smallpox = Variola virus — eradicated by WHO in 1980.
- Chickenpox = Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) — also causes shingles.
- German measles = Rubella.
- Athlete’s foot & ringworm = fungal (Tinea), not bacterial.
- Vitamin deficiency diseases: A → Night blindness, B1 → Beriberi, B3 → Pellagra, C → Scurvy, D → Rickets, K → Bleeding.
- BCG = TB vaccine (live attenuated).
- MMR = Measles, Mumps, Rubella.
- DTaP / Tdap = Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis.
- OPV (oral) and IPV/Salk (injected, killed) for polio.
- Hepatitis B vaccine = recombinant.
- Tetanus & Diphtheria vaccines = toxoids.
- Yellow Fever vaccine = live attenuated.
- AstraZeneca / J&J COVID vaccines = viral vector platform.
Exam tip: Lock the pathogen-disease pairs (TB → Mycobacterium, Cholera → Vibrio, Plague → Yersinia, AIDS → HIV) and the BCG/MMR/DTaP vaccine acronyms — these alone cover ~70% of all diseases & vaccines MCQs in PPSC/FPSC/NTS/MDCAT papers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Mycobacterium tuberculosis — an airborne lung infection.
BCG protects against Tuberculosis (TB) — a live attenuated vaccine.
Measles, Mumps and Rubella — a live attenuated combination vaccine.
Aedes aegypti — the same species spreads both dengue and yellow fever.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) — attacks CD4 helper T-lymphocytes.
Smallpox — declared eradicated by the WHO in 1980 thanks to global vaccination with the Variola vaccine.
Yes — essential. Diseases & Vaccines MCQs are tested in every One Paper, NTS NAT, GAT, OTS, CTS, BPSC, KPPSC, SPSC, PPSC, FPSC and MDCAT exam — and core CSS Screening MPT (General Science & Ability) content.
Yes. Click the Download PDF button to get all Diseases & Vaccines MCQs as a branded QuizWing PDF for offline revision.