What are the sources of Islamic law?

The five sources of Islamic law (Usul al-Fiqh) are: (1) The Holy Quran, (2) Hadith and Sunnah, (3) Ijma (consensus), (4) Qiyas (analogy), and (5) Ijtehad (independent reasoning).

How many Surahs are in the Holy Quran?

The Holy Quran contains 114 Surahs. Of these, 86 are Makki (revealed in Makkah) and 28 are Madni (revealed in Madinah).

What is the literal meaning of Hadith?

Hadith is derived from the word tahdis. Its literal meaning is to inform. Technically it refers to the sayings, actions and tacit approvals of the Holy Prophet (PBUH).

What are the Sihah-e-Sitta?

Sihah-e-Sitta are the six most authentic collections of Hadith: Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Nisai, Sunan Abu Dawood, Sunan Tirmizi, and Sunan Ibn Majah.

What is Qiyas in Islamic law?

Qiyas is the fourth source of Islamic law. Its literal meaning is to measure, compare and weigh up. In Islamic jurisprudence it refers to analogical deduction — applying the ruling of an existing case to a new analogous case.

Sources of Islamic Law MCQs — Quran Hadith Ijma Qiyas Ijtehad | PPSC FPSC CSS NTS

Sources of Islamic Law MCQs — Quran, Hadith, Ijma, Qiyas & Ijtehad

65 solved Sources of Islamic Law MCQs — Holy Quran statistics, Hadith types and Sihah-e-Sitta, Ijma (consensus), Qiyas (analogy) and Ijtehad. Free quiz + PDF for PPSC, FPSC, NTS, CSS, PMS.

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Sources of Islamic Law — Complete Reference for Competitive Exams

The Sources of Islamic Law (Usul al-Fiqh) is one of the highest-scoring topics in PPSC, FPSC, NTS, CSS, and PMS One Paper Islamiat exams. Expect 5–10 MCQs per paper covering Quran statistics (surahs, ayats, paras, rukus), Hadith classification and major collections (Sihah-e-Sitta), and the principles of Ijma, Qiyas, and Ijtehad. This page covers all five sources in depth with verified facts.

The Five Sources of Islamic Law

#	Source	Arabic Term	Brief Meaning
1st	The Holy Quran	Al-Quran	Primary and supreme source; word of Allah
2nd	Hadith & Sunnah	Al-Hadith / Al-Sunnah	Sayings, actions & approvals of the Prophet (PBUH)
3rd	Consensus	Ijma	Agreement of Muslim jurists on a legal issue
4th	Analogy	Qiyas	Applying existing ruling to a new analogous case
5th	Independent Reasoning	Ijtehad	Scholarly effort to derive law from its sources

Holy Quran — Key Statistics for Exams

Total Surahs: 114 | Makki Surahs: 86 | Madni Surahs: 28 | Paras (Juz): 30 | Manzils: 7

Rukus: 558 | Sajdas: 14 | Revelation period: 23 years (610–632 AD) | Language: Arabic

Longest Surah: Al-Baqarah | Shortest Surah: Al-Kauthar | Surah without Bismillah: At-Taubah | Heart of Quran: Surah Yaseen

Notable Quran Facts

Category	Detail
First Surah revealed	Surah Al-Alaq (96) — first 5 verses
First Surah in arrangement	Surah Al-Fatihah
Longest ayat	Ayat 282, Surah Al-Baqarah (the Debt Verse)
Most repeated ayat	Fa-bi-ayyi ala’i rabbikuma tukadhdhibaan — 32 times (Surah Ar-Rahman)
Only lady named in Quran	Hazrat Maryam (AS)
Day of week mentioned in Quran	Friday (Yawm al-Jumu’ah) — Surah Al-Jumu’ah
Most mentioned Prophet	Hazrat Musa (AS) — 136 times
Prophets named in Quran	25
Compilation advised by	Hazrat Umer (RA) — advised Abu Bakr (RA)
First Hafiz of Quran	Hazrat Uthman (RA)
Title Jami-e-Quran	Hazrat Uthman (RA)
First English translation	Alexander Ross (1649)

Sihah-e-Sitta — The Six Authentic Hadith Collections

Book	Compiler	Hadith Count
Sahih Bukhari	Imam Bukhari	7,563
Sahih Muslim	Muslim bin al-Hajjaj	9,200
Sunan Nisai	an-Nasai	—
Sunan Abu Dawood	Abu Dawood	—
Sunan Tirmizi	al-Tirmidhi	—
Sunan Ibn Majah	Ibn Majah	—

Companion with most narrations: Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA) — 5,374 | Al Muwatta: 1,720 Hadith — first work combining Hadith and Fiqh

Musnad Ahmed: 30,000 Hadith | First written Hadith collection: Sahifa-e-Sadiqa (by Abdullah bin Amr RA) | Arbaeen: book of 40 Hadith

Sources of Islamic Law — Frequently Asked Questions

The five sources of Islamic law (Usul al-Fiqh) are: (1) The Holy Quran — primary and supreme source, (2) Hadith and Sunnah — sayings and actions of the Prophet (PBUH), (3) Ijma — consensus of Muslim jurists, (4) Qiyas — analogical deduction, (5) Ijtehad — independent scholarly reasoning.

The Holy Quran contains 114 Surahs. Of these, 86 are Makki (revealed in Makkah before Hijra) and 28 are Madni (revealed in Madinah after Hijra). The Quran also has 30 Paras, 7 Manzils, 558 Rukus, and 14 Sajdas.

Hadith (derived from tahdis, meaning ‘to inform’) refers to the reported news or information of the Prophet’s words. Sunnah (meaning ‘well-trodden path’) refers more broadly to the Prophet’s established way of life. Together, Hadith/Sunnah covers the Prophet’s sayings (Qawliyyah), actions (Filliyyah), and tacit approvals (Taqriyyah).

Sihah-e-Sitta (the Six Authentic Books) are the six most authoritative Hadith collections: Sahih Bukhari (7,563 Hadith), Sahih Muslim (9,200 Hadith), Sunan Nisai, Sunan Abu Dawood, Sunan Tirmizi, and Sunan Ibn Majah.

Qiyas (literally: to measure, compare and weigh up) is the fourth source of Islamic law — analogical deduction. Its four essential elements are: (1) Asl — the original case, (2) Hukm al-Asl — the legal ruling on the original case, (3) Far — the new case, (4) Illah — the effective cause connecting them. The term Qiyas was introduced by Imam Abu Hanifa.

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